山东省地面沉降监测与防治工作进展

近年来,山东省地面沉降监测与防治工作取得了重要进展,初步建立了以二等水准路线、全球定位系统(GPS)、基岩标分层标和地下水监测为基础的"四网合一"地面沉降监测体系,INSAR监测实现了山东全省覆盖。监测成果显示,山东省地面沉降主要位于东营市广饶县、滨州市博兴县、聊城市茌平县,沉降速率呈加快趋势,造成建筑物地基下沉、房屋开裂、地下管道破损等一系列地质环境问题。     

福建省海洋工程装备产业现状与发展对策探讨

近年来,福建海洋工程装备产业进步显著,初步形成了以港口装卸、海上起重机、海底铺管、大型汽车滚装船等传统装备为主导的制造基地;同时,海水淡化核心装备、海洋防腐材料、水下作业机器人、游艇装备等新兴产业也取得了快速发展,但仍存在产业基础薄弱、整体产品低端、研发力量小且分散、试验研发平台严重不足等制约"瓶颈"。文章通过现场调研和资料查询分析了福建海洋工程装备产业的发展现状,总结归纳出当前制约产业发展的主要因素,明确发展思路,提出建设具有海西特色的海工装备制造业应发展海洋工程装备的重点领域、编制福建省海洋工程装备中长期发展规划和实施方案、提升海洋工程装备科技创新能力、制定海洋工程装备发展的扶持政策、构建比较完整的重点领域海洋工程装备产业链等对策与建议。     

山东地质环境中砷的分布特征

山东地质环境砷含量一般为(10^-6)：各类岩石4．87～7．89，土壤10．89，水系底泥6．23。根据砷的分布特点。总体上可将山东分为鲁中南-鲁东山地丘陵区、鲁西北-鲁西南平原区2个大的砷的地质环境(背景)区及7个亚区。每个亚区内，山地丘陵区砷的地球化学背景较低，而平原区砷的背景相对高些。但总体上，全省处于正常的和相对比较低的背景，还未发现原生地质环境形成高砷背景对人体危害的案例。     

沂水崔家峪玻璃用石英砂岩矿地质特征

沂水崔家峪玻璃用石英砂岩矿床赋存于早寒武世李官组砂岩段中．呈近水平的层状产出。因其岩石坚硬．矿体呈环山的平台状分布。矿体厚度大，矿石品级高，特级品矿石二氧化硅平均含量98．47％，铁杂质平均含量0．043％(选矿后，铁杂质含量可降至0．02％以下)，为一优质玻璃硅质原料矿床。矿石为细一中粒石英砂岩，粒度以中粒为主，矿石由碎屑颗粒和胶结物组成，碎屑成分含量为97％～98％．其中绝大部分是石英颗粒．具典型的砂屑结掏。该矿床属滨海陆源沉积矿床。     

ANALYSIS OF DRIVING FORCES ON THE CHANGE OF HISTORICAL FARMLAND USE IN SHANDONG PROVINCE DURING THE QING DYNASTY (1644-1911)

1INTRODUCTIONTheIGBP-IHDP(InternationalGeosphere-BiosphereProgramme,andInternationalHumanDimensionPro-gramme)jointproject—LUCC(landuse/coverchange)isaninterdisciplinaryprogramdesignedtoimprovetheunderstandingofthedynamicsofland-useandland-coverchangeasinputstoandconsequencesofglobalenvironmentalchangeandsustainabledevelopment(CHARLOTTE,2002).Inparticularthedifferentbio-geochemicalmodeling(e.g.theglobalcarboncycle)ac-tivitiesandcomparativestudies,suchasthoseconduct-edbyIGBP-G…     

胶东“玲珑-焦家式”金矿资源潜力与找矿

“玲珑焦家式”金矿的成岩成矿,从新太古代至中生代存在着继承性的成因关系,成矿具有长期性、多源性特点,但中生代燕山早期岩浆活动是主导成矿因素。区域化探成果显示胶东金矿直接矿源岩———郭家岭花岗岩金的丰度比原始矿源岩———早前寒武纪变质沉积岩系及侵入岩系金的丰度低1/2。郭家岭花岗岩面积在2 km2以上岩体定量估计金亏损总量与胶东金矿总量预测的资源量相当,从一个侧面展现了胶东金矿资源的潜力。望儿山金矿的找矿实践展示,焦家式金矿在1 000 m以下尚有巨大潜力,整个胶东金矿产区在3 000 m以上的资源潜力应在5000 t以上。     

ANALYSIS OF DRIVING FORCES ON THE CHANGE OF HISTORICAL FARMLAND USE IN SHANDONG PROVINCE DURING THE QING DYNASTY （1644-1911）

How land-cover has been changed by human use over the last 300 years is one of the five overarching questions guiding the Land-use/Cover Change (LUCC) Science/Research Plan. China has variety of historical docu-ments providing unique data superiority. So the characteristics of farmland area in Shandong Province during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) are summarized firstly: 1) the rising trend of farmland area was striking; 2) farmland area had re-markable fluctuation; 3) farmland area per capita decreased dramatically; 4) wasteland reclamation index increased rapidly. Then, the driving forces of farmland area change are analyzed. It is concluded that natural and human factors are jointly influential. Among the driving forces, human dimensions are the main factors of farmland area change,which direct the general tendency of the changes mentioned above. And the natural factors influence the stability of farmland area as well. Variation of the natural factors would act as the major contributory factor to farmland area change during years or periods of abrupt climatic changes, or during the intensive occurring periods of natural hazards.Besides, the passive aspects of human factors, such as war chaos also influenced the fluctuation of the farmland area.This research indicates that it is feasible to study the land-use/cover change by Chinese historical literatures, which has huge potential to provide a comprehensive picture of the growing dominance of human land-use and land-cover pat-terns that can be used in many global change research oroiects.     

山东省区域地质构造演化探讨

山东省区域地质构造演化分为5个阶段.①陆核形成阶段形成太古宙高级区,地壳分异成稳定的花岗岩穹窿和活动的绿岩带,第一次克拉通化完成.②陆块发生形成阶段地壳向刚性发展,在华北陆核硅铝壳的基础上先后有3次张开、闭合裂谷作用,第二次克拉通化完成.这一阶段演化在鲁西地区主要表现为挤压作用,形成大量造山花岗岩;鲁东地区则以拉张作用为主,形成海槽,产生沉积.③秦昆洋形成演化阶段四堡期沿鲁东南部地壳拉张,在华北板块与扬子板块间形成秦昆洋.晋宁期秦昆洋关闭,华北板块与扬子板块对接碰撞,沿胶南造山带产生大量同碰撞花岗岩,同时产生超高压变质作用及形成丰富多彩的碰撞构造.晋宁运动最终形成统一的原始中国古陆,第三次克拉通化完成.④陆块发展阶段鲁西地区地壳频繁升降,形成广泛的海相及海陆交互相沉积;鲁东地区则以造山抬升为主,地层沉积较少.⑤滨太平洋发展阶段该阶段的主要特征是断块构造发育,形成盆岭构造格局,产生大陆边缘花岗岩,构造体系由古亚洲构造域转向滨太平洋构造域.     

Rift-related Jurassic basaltic phreatomagmatic volcanism in the central Transantarctic Mountains: precursory stage to flood-basalt effusion

 The Middle Jurassic Kirkpatrick flood basalts and comagmatic Ferrar intrusions in the Transantarctic Mountains represent a major pulse of tholeiitic magmatism related to early stages in the breakup of Gondwana. A record of the volcano-tectonic events leading to formation of this continental flood-basalt province is provided by strata underlying and only slightly predating the Kirkpatrick lavas. In the central Transantarctic Mountains, the lavas rest on widespread (≥7500 km²) tholeiitic pyroclastic deposits of the Prebble Formation. The Prebble Formation is dominated by lahar deposits and is an unusual example of a regionally developed basaltic lahar field. Related, partly fault-controlled pyroclastic intrusions cut underlying strata, and vents are represented by the preserved flanks of two small tephra cones associated with a volcanic neck. Lahar and air-fall deposits typically contain 50–60% accidental lithic fragments and sand grains derived from underlying Triassic – Lower Jurassic strata in the upper part of the Beacon Supergroup. Juvenile basaltic ash and fine lapilli consist of nonvesicular to scoriaceous tachylite, sideromelane, and palagonite, and have characteristics indicating derivation from hydrovolcanic eruptions. The abundance of accidental debris from underlying Beacon strata points to explosive phreatomagmatic interaction of basaltic magma with wet sediment and groundwater, which appears to have occurred in particular where rising magma intersected upper Beacon sand aquifers. Composite clasts in the lahar deposits exhibit complex peperitic textures formed during fine-scale intermixing of basaltic magma with wet sand and record steps in subsurface fuel-coolant interactions leading to explosive eruption. The widespread, sustained phreatomagmatic activity is inferred to have occurred in a groundwater-rich topographic basin linked to an evolving Jurassic rift zone in the Transantarctic Mountains. Coeval basaltic phreatomagmatic deposits of the Mawson and Exposure Hill Formations, which underlie exposures of the Kirkpatrick Basalt up to 1500 km to the north along strike in Victoria Land, appear to represent other parts of a regional, extension-related Middle Jurassic phreatomagmatic province which developed immediately prior to rapid outpouring of the flood basalts. This is consistent with models which assign an important role to lithospheric stretching in the generation of flood-basalt provinces. Received: 28 August 1995 / Accepted: 18 April 1996     

山东省黄金资源可持续开发利用

本文扼要介绍了山东省金矿地质勘查、开发现状及存在的环境问题 ,为确保山东省黄金资源可持续开发利用 ,提出要保证黄金资源的可持续供给 ,要在资源开发过程中保护好环境 ,以及要高度重视地勘单位和矿山企业自身的可持续发展等建议。